Poking apertures of a left renal venous stent – the triangular peaks of the stent aperture penetrate the wall of the left renal vein and the vena cava. Image by courtesy of Prof. W. Sandmann

Lateral view of the penetrating triangular peaks of the stent causing massive pain. Clearly visible: the curtain effect – the left renal vein hangs down in front of the left aperture of the stent. Image by courtesy of Prof. W. Sandmann